Which of the following best defines a photon?

The best definition of a photon is that it is a quantum of light or electromagnetic radiation, characterized by its energy and momentum. Photons are the fundamental particles of light and all other forms of electromagnetic radiation, such as radio waves, microwaves, infrared, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

In quantum mechanics, photons are described as massless particles that exhibit both wave-like and particle-like properties, which is known as wave-particle duality. The energy of a photon is directly proportional to its frequency and inversely proportional to its wavelength, which can be described by the equation (E = hf), where (E) is the energy, (h) is Planck's constant, and (f) is the frequency.

Additionally, the momentum of a photon can be expressed using (p = \frac{E}{c}), where (p) is the momentum, (E) is the energy, and (c) is the speed of light. This duality allows photons to interact with other particles, enabling phenomena such as the photoelectric effect and the emission and absorption of light.

The other definitions provided do not accurately describe a photon: it does not carry electrical charges, is not a