According to Newton's second law, which equation expresses the relationship between force, mass, and acceleration?

Newton's second law states that the force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration. This fundamental principle can be mathematically represented by the equation F = ma, where F denotes force, m denotes mass, and a denotes acceleration. This equation emphasizes the direct proportionality between force and acceleration for a given mass, illustrating that increased force results in increased acceleration, while a constant force will produce a smaller acceleration for larger masses. This relationship is crucial for understanding how objects move and interact under various forces in both classical and applied physics scenarios.