According to Newton's Second Law, how is acceleration related to force and mass?

Newton's Second Law establishes a clear relationship between force, mass, and acceleration, which is articulated by the formula ( F = ma ). Rearranging this equation provides the relationship in terms of acceleration: ( a = \frac{F}{m} ).

This means that acceleration is directly proportional to the unbalanced force acting on an object. When the force increases, the acceleration also increases, assuming mass remains constant. Simultaneously, acceleration is inversely proportional to mass; as mass increases, the same amount of force will produce less acceleration. This dual relationship shows that acceleration changes based on the interplay between the applied force and the object's mass.

Thus, the correct answer accurately captures Newton's Second Law by indicating that acceleration is both a function of the unbalanced force and the mass of the object, highlighting the essential aspects of how these factors interact.